I've played a half-dozen or so games at this point (not counting false starts), and have gotten as far as a system or three past the first battle arena before deciding to give up and start over. I tend to become frustrated with that one system that's full of enemy bases and a huge asteroid belt, because there are a lot of spawns to deal with and by that time, fuel usage is an issue. That's all right though, since this game is essentially a roguelike.
I've gone ahead and installed the Captain's Log and Ore Scanner mods. Mining without an ore-scanning mod gets really old really fast, and people fib when they say you only have to shoot an asteroid "a few times" to see if it has ore.

Here's how I usually start the game: I find solar panel arrays absolutely indispensable early on, so I restart until I see that the Commonwealth Station in Starton Eridani is selling one. I know this is a bit cheap, but I've gone past the first battle arena and found none for sale anywhere before, which is rather annoying. Once I get a 100 MW generator, a good weapon and powerful shields (for that point in the game), the ship slurps up fuel like a starving herd of elephants, and a couple of solar panels really help out quite a bit.
Anyway, I always choose the Sapphire yacht at this point. I do missions, blow up Centauri stations and sell Centauri rice until I can afford a mining cargo hold, mining laser and ore scanner, then mine as much ore as possible (hoarding it in a destroyed station for max resale value). With that cash I buy the solar panel array and upgrade to a 50 MW generator, monopole shield, slightly better armor and some type of 6-7 MW weapon.
My biggest question is, where can I store my extra crap? I figured out quickly that Commonwealth stations and corporate enclaves offer diminishing returns when selling them stuff, which naturally makes me want to hoard ore until I can sell it in bulk. I've been using destroyed Centauri stations to store ore (and illegal goods, etc.) in, but I have a strong feeling those scavenger Nomads might come along and clean them out, so I assume it's risky. I've seen people mention "Mule Autons," but I have yet to see one for sale within the first half-dozen systems or so.
I guess I don't have much more to say, except to fish for general tips for beginners. I know I need to bulk up my offense and defense a bit more in the beginning to get further than I already have (at least without a lot of frustration), but ore is my main source of income other than lucky drops, and storing and selling it can be a real pain.
Also, something I find amusing: Every time I deactivate my shields to save fuel while mining, enemies spawn nearby. I'm starting to think this might be hardcoded.
